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Erik Thorvaldsson (; 950 – c. 1003), known as Erik the Red (〔(アイスランド語:Eiríkur rauði); (ノルウェー語:Eirik Raude); (デンマーク語:Erik den Røde); (スウェーデン語:Erik Röde); (フェロー語:Eirikur (hin) reyði)〕), is remembered in medieval and Icelandic saga sources as having founded the first Norse settlement in Greenland. The Icelandic tradition indicates that he was born in the Jæren district of Rogaland, Norway, as the son of Þorvald Ásvaldsson, he therefore also appears, patronymically, as Erik Thorvaldsson (''Eiríkr Þorvaldsson''). The appellation "the Red" most likely refers to his hair color〔''The Little Ice Age: How Climate Made History, 1300–1850'', Basic Books, 2002, p. 10. ISBN 0-465-02272-3.〕 and the color of his beard.〔Cooper Edens: Sea Stories: A Classic Illustrated Edition, 2007, ISBN 9780811856348, p. 53〕 Leif Erikson, the famous Icelandic explorer, was Erik's son. ==Exiles== Erik the Red's father was banished from Norway for the crime of manslaughter.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Vanished Vikings )〕 He sailed West from Norway with his family and settled in Hornstrandir in northwestern Iceland. The Icelanders later sentenced Erik to exile for three years due to "some killings" he committed around the year 982. After marrying Thjodhild (''Þjóðhildr''), he moved to Haukadal (Hawksdale) where he built a farm. The initial confrontation occurred when his thralls (slaves) started a landslide on the neighboring farm belonging to Valthjof (''Valþjófr''). Valthjof's friend, Eyiolf the Foul (''Eyjólfr saurr''), killed the thralls. In retaliation, Erik killed Eyjiolf and Holmgang-Hrafn (''Hólmgöngu-Hrafn''). Eyiolf's kinsmen demanded his banishment from Haukadal. Erik then moved to the island of Öxney (Iceland). He asked Thorgest (Þórgestr) to keep his ''setstokkr'' - inherited ornamented beams of significant mystical value,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Full text of "The discovery of America by the Northmen )〕 which his father had brought from Norway. When he had finished his new house, he went back to get them, but they "could not be obtained". Erik then went to Breidabolstad and took them. These are likely to have been Thorgest's ''setstokkr'', although the sagas are unclear at this point. Thorgest gave chase, and in the ensuing fight Erik slew both Thorgest's sons and "a few other men". After this each of them retained a considerable body of men with him at his home. Styr gave Erik his support, as did also Eyiolf of Sviney, Thorbjiorn, Vifil's son, and the sons of Thorbrand of Alptafirth; while Thorgest was backed by the sons of Thord the Yeller, and Thorgeir of Hitardal, Aslak of Langadal and his son Illugi.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Collection : Compound Object Viewer )〕 The dispute was resolved at an assembly, the Thing, with the result that Erik was outlawed for three years. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Erik the Red」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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